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Star Trek creator Gene Roddenberry always pictured the Klingons as a warrior race with a distinct alien appearance. However, budget and time constraints didn't allow for extensive make-up appliances for the Klingon actors on the TV show, so clothing, facial hair and a slightly darker complexion was used to make the Klingons look different from humans.When Star Trek went to the big screen, most of the budget problems were eliminated, so Roddenberry implemented his original, more 'alien' look for the Klingons, i.e. long hair and ridges on the forehead. The ensuing break in continuity was never really explained until the Star Trek: Enterprise episode "Affliction" (2005). Here, it was revealed that Klingons always had foreheads ridges, until a failed military experiment, meant to create genetically enhanced Klingons, led to an outbreak of an epidemic, which caused Klingons to have smooth foreheads and generally appear more human for several generations.
Klingon language was already mentioned on the original series, for example in "The Trouble With Tribbles," when a Klingon officer refers to "learning Klingonese." When the decision was made to make the Klingons more 'alien' for the motion picture, it was also decided to have them speak the language. The Klingon actors in the movie just spoke English, and their lines were later dubbed with words that sounded alien and would match the lip movements the actors made. These words and sounds were thought up by James Doohan ('Scotty').Years later, on the production of Star Trek III: The Search for Spock (1984), linguist Marc Okrand created a 'full' Klingon language, with its own grammar and spelling, using the Klingon phrases from Star Trek: The Motion Picture as a basis. This invented language has been used throughout Star Trek films and series made since.
Official sources written by those who created Star Trek (such as the book "The Making of Star Trek") state that the speed of the ship in multiples of lightspeed is the cube of the warp factor. This would make Warp 1 the speed of light; Warp 2 would be 8x lightspeed, Warp 3 would be 27x lightspeed, Warp 4 would be 64x lightspeed, Warp 5 would be 125x lightspeed, Warp 6 would be 216x lightspeed, Warp 7 would be 343x lightspeed, and Warp 8 would be 512x lightspeed. However, it should be noted that various episodes of Star Trek, both the original and other series, have depicted warp speeds as being both faster and slower than this on occasion. One of the most notorious examples is in Star Trek V, when the Enterprise travelled to the centre of the galaxy in a matter of hours, indicating a speed many millions of times greater than lightspeed.On "impulse" drive, this movie depicts the Enterprise travelling from Earth and passing Jupiter, shortly before Kirk makes his log entry in which he states that it is 1.8 hours after launch. Given the relative positions of Earth and Jupiter at the period this episode is set, this would imply a speed of about 33% the speed of light.
In the novelization of this movie the text states that the Deltans emit both ultra-strong pheromones and a form of sub-conscious telepathy, both of which make them all but irresistible to males of other species. The novelization of Star Trek II states that sexual activity between a Deltan and a non-Deltan carries risk of insanity for the non-Deltan. Deltans are therefore required to register an oath of celibacy for the protection of others.
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