No. In fact, in no drafts of the screenplay are any references to a Queen found. There is no explanation given for the large numbers of eggs in the lower hold of the derelict. It's important to remember that Alien and Aliens were written by completely different writers. Dan O'Bannon, who conceived Alien, did not create the Queen. She was created by the writer of Aliens, James Cameron. As a result, there is no reason to believe that O'Bannon had any part in the conception of that phase of the life cycle, nor were there plans to use such a creature in the film.
There are many theories about how the eggs got aboard the derelict, but these may only be explained in the prequel planned by Ridley Scott. The nature of the derelict and its crew are a mystery, left intentionally unanswered by the original crew that produced Alien. Viewers have proposed various theories, such as:
Theory One: The Queen was likely burst from the derelict's pilot, a.k.a. Space Jockey. He may have been the only crewmember on the ship, so once he died, the ship crashed, leaving the Queen time to lay thousands of eggs, then hibernate, until visitors came.
Theory Two: The Space Jockey was some sort of scientist. He investigated a planet and found the eggs, loaded them onto his ship to examine, and was then impregnated by one. When he came to, not knowing what had happened to him, he took off into space. The alien then birthed, and he crashed with all the eggs intact (no queen present).
Theory Three: Ignoring the continuity with the franchise and speculating on the original idea behind the aliens: the ship had a large crew, who were turned into eggs (as per a theory stemming from the director's cut). This would also mean that Lambert's comment "I wonder what happened to the rest of the crew," was a subtle hint this was the original intention. If this is what happened then, there was never supposed to be a queen, and the Alien itself was the final stage. This theory is extemely unlikely, as the Space Jockey and its species are far too big to turn into little eggs.
Theory Four: The Queen was on the ship, laid the eggs, but died off or was killed in the crash. It said that the Space Jockey had been dead for so long it had become fossilized, suggesting the ship had been there for thousands and thousands of years. (It's suggested the Aliens don't age or die naturally from both the fact that the eggs survived in the ship for all that time and the fact that Ash says "I have confirmed that he's got an outer layer of protein polysaccharides. Has a funny habit of shedding his cells and replacing them with polarized silicon, which gives him a prolonged resistance to adverse environmental conditions."). So a new queen wasn't birthed until Aliens, possibly from Newt's father.
Theory Five: Director Ridley Scott explained in interview that he envisioned the derelict as a sort of carrier for biological weapons; the eggs were intentional cargo, but naturally, something went wrong. This is certainly consistent with the Company's obsession with obtaining a specimen for bio-weapons research.