Inherit the Wind (1960)

User Rating:

8.1/10   

Director:

Stanley Kramer

Writers (WGA):

Nedrick Young (screenplay) (originally as Nathan E. Douglas) and
Harold Jacob Smith (screenplay) ...
(more)

Release Date:

November 1960 (USA)

Genre:

Drama | History | Romance

Tagline:

It's all about the monkey trial that rocked America.

Plot:

Based on a real-life case in 1925, two great lawyers argue the case for and against a science teacher accused of the crime of teaching evolution.

Plot Keywords:

Lawyer | Teacher | Evolution | William Jennings Bryan | Politician

Awards:

Nominated for 4 Oscars. Another 2 wins & 7 nominations

Cast

Spencer Tracy	...	Henry Drummond
Fredric March	...	Matthew Harrison Brady
Gene Kelly	...	E. K. Hornbeck
Dick York	...	Bertram T. Cates
Donna Anderson	...	Rachel Brown
Harry Morgan	...	Judge Mel Coffey
Claude Akins	...	Reverend Jeremiah Brown
Elliott Reid	...	Prosecutor Tom Davenport
Paul Hartman	...	Bailiff Horace Meeker
Philip Coolidge	...	Mayor Jason Carter
Jimmy Boyd	...	Howard
Noah Beery Jr.	...	John Stebbins
Norman Fell	...	WGN Radio Technician
Gordon Polk	...	George Sillers
Hope Summers	...	Mrs. Krebs - Righteous Townswoman
Ray Teal	...	Jessie H. Dunlap
Renee Godfrey	...	Mrs. Stebbins
Florence Eldridge	...	Sarah Brady
rest of cast listed alphabetically:
Gail Bonney	...	Fundamentalist Woman (uncredited)
Jack Daly	...	Eskimo Pie Vendor in Courtroom (uncredited)
Richard Deacon	...	Juror / Court Gallery (uncredited)
Lester Dorr	...	Doctor John (uncredited)
George Dunn	...	Banker - Critic at City Meeting (uncredited)
Donald Elson	...	Bollinger (uncredited)
David Fresco	...	Threatening Spectator (uncredited)
Sam Harris	...	Courtroom Extra (uncredited)
Earle Hodgins	...	Dr. Britton's Tonic Spieler with Chimp (uncredited)
Wendell Holmes	...	Undetermined Role (uncredited)
Frank Mills	...	Courtroom Extra (uncredited)
Robert Osterloh	...	Sam - Deputy Arresting Cates (uncredited)
Bob Perry	...	Courtroom Reporter (uncredited)
'Snub' Pollard	...	Courtroom Extra (uncredited)
Addison Richards	...	Reporter at Dinner Table (uncredited)
Harry Tenbrook	...	Courtroom Extra (uncredited)
Charles Wagenheim	...	Hotel Clerk (uncredited)
Justice Watson	...	Hillsboro Salesman (uncredited)
Will Wright	...	Bible Salesman (uncredited)

Directed by
Stanley Kramer

Writing credits (WGA)
Nedrick Young		(screenplay) originally as Nathan E. Douglas and
Harold Jacob Smith		(screenplay)
Jerome Lawrence		(play) and
Robert E. Lee		(play)

Produced by
Stanley Kramer	....	producer

Original Music by
Ernest Gold		(music)

Cinematography by
Ernest Laszlo		(photographed by)

Film Editing by
Frederic Knudtson

Casting by
James Lister		(uncredited)
Lynn Stalmaster		(uncredited)

Production Design by
Rudolph Sternad

Makeup Department
Larry Germain	....	hair stylist
Bud Westmore	....	make up

Production Management
Clem Beauchamp	....	production manager

Second Unit Director or Assistant Director
Ivan Volkman	....	assistant director
Leonard Kunody	....	second assistant director (uncredited)

Art Department
Art Cole	....	property master
Jack Kirston	....	second property master (uncredited)

Sound Department
Walter Elliott	....	sound editor
Joe Lapis	....	sound engineer

Camera and Electrical Department
Martin Kashuk	....	assistant company grip
Roy Roberts	....	chief gaffer
Morris Rosen	....	company grip
Charles F. Wheeler	....	camera operator (as Charles Wheeler)

Costume and Wardrobe Department
Joe King	....	wardrobe

Music Department
Leslie Uggams	....	vocals

Other crew
Sam Freedle	....	script supervisor
Anne P. Kramer	....	assistant to producer
Stanley Kramer	....	presents
Reverend Thomas R. Marshall	....	technical advisor (as The Reverend Thomas R. Marshall)
Herman Shumlin	....	stage director
Herman Shumlin	....	stage producer
Harold J. Samelson	....	publicity campaign coordinator (uncredited)

Production Companies

• Stanley Kramer Productions (as Lomitas Productions Inc.)

Distributors

• United Artists (1960) (USA) (theatrical)
• United Artists Corporation (1960) (UK) (theatrical)
• United Artists (1960) (West Germany) (theatrical)
• CBS/Fox Home Video (1985) (USA) (VHS)
• MGM/UA Home Entertainment (2001) (USA) (DVD)
• MGM Home Entertainment (2004) (Germany) (DVD)
• MGM Home Entertainment (2007) (USA) (DVD)
• MGM/UA Home Entertainment (????) (USA) (VHS)
• MGM/UA Home Entertainment (????) (USA) (video) (laserdisc)

Special Effects

• Film Effects of Hollywood

Other Companies

• Stalmaster-Lister Co.  casting (as Stalmaster-Lister)

Runtime:

128 min

Country:

USA

Language:

English

Color:

Black and White

Aspect Ratio:

1.66 : 1

Sound Mix:

Mono (Westrex Recording System)

Certification:

UK:U | USA:Approved (certificate #19499) | USA:PG (re-rating) | West Germany:12 | USA:TV-PG (TV rating) | Australia:G | Canada:PG (video rating) | Finland:K-8 | Sweden:11

Company:

Stanley Kramer Productions

Trivia:

When Stanley Kramer offered the role of E.K. Hornbeck to Gene Kelly, Kelly initially turned it down. Kramer told him that his co-stars would be Fredric March and Spencer Tracy, and Kelly changed his mind. This was a risky move on Kramer's part, as he had not yet asked March or Tracy to participate.

Goofs:

Audio/visual unsynchronized: As Matthew Brady ends his arrival speech to a crowd of supporters on the street, the 'old time religion' song is sung by the throng, but their lips are completely out of sync with the soundtrack.

Quotes:

Henry Drummond: The Bible is a book. It's a good book, but it is not the only book.

Movie Connections:

Referenced in "Mystery Science Theater 3000: Jungle Goddess (#3.3)" (1990)

Soundtrack:

We'll Hang Bert Cates to a Sour Apple Tree

The right to think................very much on trial.

Like Elmer Gantry I first saw Inherit the Wind in the theater in Brooklyn when I was 13 years old. Both of those films dealt with issues arising from the Roaring Twenties out of religion. At the time I thought both were great dramatic pieces dealing with issues of the past. I thought how much we'd grown up as a country from 1925 to 1960.

If you had told me that 46 years later we'd be fighting these same battles and that preachers had as much political power as they do I and many others would have said you were nuts. Yet here we are today in an age when Pat Robertson is taken as a serious political figure.

Inherit the Wind is a dramatization of the famous Scopes Monkey Trial of 1925 when a biology teacher was arrested and challenged a law passed by the Tennessee State legislature making it a crime to teach anything other than the account of creation as set down in the Book of Genesis. Dick York is the biology teacher here, renamed Bertram Cates for the play and the film version of that play.

In fact all the names of the dramatis personae of the Scopes Trial have been changed to allow some creativity by the authors Jerome Lawrence and Robert Lee. Spencer Tracy and Fredric March play fictionalizations of Clarence Darrow and William Jennings Bryan named Henry Drummond and Matthew Harrison Brady respectively.

Of course that is what Inherit the Wind is primarily known for, a duel of double Academy Award winners. In fact Spencer Tracy received another Academy Award nomination for this film, but lost to Burt Lancaster for Elmer Gantry. That's ironic to me because I thought March captured the essence of William Jennings Bryan better. Bryan is a man whose time has passed him by. But he's still a hero to the folks of small town rural America in the south and middle west. One thing to remember is that while Bryan was a great orator and advocate, he had not practiced law in over 30 years when he stepped into the courtroom for the trial. If he had been a better lawyer, he might not have fallen into the one big trap Tracy set for him and the trial and the attending publicity might have been better for his side.

As good as Tracy is, the year before in Compulsion I think that Orson Welles captured the real Clarence Darrow in his character of Jonathan Wilk. No one in Hollywood could do long take speeches quite like Spencer Tracy though. I'm sure that's why Director Stanley Kramer hired him and they developed quite the screen partnership with Tracy doing four of his last five screen roles for Kramer.

Stanley Kramer made some impeccable casting choices filling out the minor roles of the various townspeople of Hillsboro, Tennessee. There are two that I would single out. Claude Akins who usually played tough guys in various action films was astounding as the town preacher, the Reverend Jeremiah Brown. Sad to say there are still many like him out there. Akins's offbeat casting worked wonders, it turned out to be the high point of his screen career.

On the opposite end of the spectrum was Noah Beery, Jr. who is a farmer and who's son was drowned some time before the events of the film. Beery is the town non-conformist, he refused to allow his son to be baptized and Akins has said the adolescent is in hell because of it.

In a key scene when Tracy draws the ire of Judge Harry Morgan who sentences him to jail for contempt of court, Beery offers to put up his farm for collateral for Tracy's bail. Tracy's about to quit the case, but that simple gesture gives him hope, in the ultimate decency and clearheadedness of ordinary people. It's my favorite scene in Inherit the Wind.

Stanley Kramer lived long enough to see this film become so relevant for today's times. I wonder what he must have thought.